02 8
文本
████ 重点词汇
████ 难点词汇
████ 词组 & 惯用语
[学习本文需要基础词汇量：
[本次分析采用基础词汇量：
This is a .
supports itself
on two specially adapted
rays and can sit
for hour after hour.
does have tiny eyes,
but it's almost totally blind.
locates potential prey with a pair of
behind its head, which are sensitive
to even tiny movements.
We know more about the surface of the moon
than we do about the .
Every still produces
complete surprises.
This deep sea is about
the size of a beach ball...
and has been nicknamed'Dumbo'.
An of skin between its
and its extraordinary
ears allow
over the sea floor
as it searches for food.
Right in the middle
of the lie the
largest
on our planet...
... the .
Rising almost two miles off the sea floor
the ridges extend for
over twenty eight thousand miles
the largest mountain chain on earth.
When finally succeeded
in reaching the ridges...
in the 1 970's they found
an extraordinary world with mile upon mile
of once molten rock that had welled up
from the deep in the past...
and had now .
They discovered towering ,
pouring out water as hot as molten lead.
At the surface water becomes steam
at a hundred
but down here under the
immense pressure of the ocean
it remains liquid at temperatures
as hot as four hundred .
The has to move carefully.
Disaster is very close when surrounded by
such enormous temperatures and pressures.
And here, where the very water is loaded
with
to normal life processes,
they found living creatures.
Some of the were
white tubes.
The tubes were by
a new species of
that was exposed to temperatures
as high as eighty .
No other animal on earth was known
to tolerate such high temperatures
so the scientists called these
creatures .
But this was just the beginning.
Nearby there were
completely covered...
by whole communities
of different organisms.
The bottom of the was
large .
There were
and most spectacular of all
dominating the were
hundreds of bright red
each two metres long
and four wide.
Until these creatures were discovered
all life on earth was thought
to be dependent on the sun.
But here,
in the complete darkness of the deep
they had discovered a rich density of life
that clearly derived
no energy from the sun.
So, what do they live on?
The answer was found within
the themselves.
They were packed full
of bacteria
that are able to derive energy from the
that are pouring from the .
The worms' were bright red
with that carries
and oxygen down to the bacteria.
知识点
重点词汇
hover [ˈhɒvə(r)] n. 徘徊；盘旋；犹豫 vi. 盘旋，翱翔；徘徊 vt. 孵；徘徊在…近旁 n. (Hover)人名；(英、德)霍弗 {cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :5041}
crabs [kræbz] n. 蟹类；吊钳；脾气坏的人（crab的复数） v. 捕蟹；抱怨；侧航（crab的三单形式） { :5100}
hydrogen [ˈhaɪdrədʒən] n. [化学] 氢 {gk cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts :5103}
specialised ['speʃəlaɪzd] adj. 专门的；特别的（等于specialized） v. 使专门化；专攻；详细说明（specialise的过去分词） { :5113}
dive [daɪv] n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲；扑 vi. 潜水；跳水；俯冲；急剧下降 n. (Dive)人名；(法)迪夫 {gk cet4 cet6 ky toefl :5121}
umbrella [ʌmˈbrelə] n. 雨伞；保护伞；庇护；伞形结构 {zk gk :5549}
chimney [ˈtʃɪmni] n. 烟囱 {gk cet4 cet6 ky :5724}
chimneys [ˈtʃimniz] n. 烟囱；烟囱型；灯罩（chimney的复数形式） { :5724}
geological [ˌdʒi:ə'lɒdʒɪkl] adj. 地质的，地质学的 { :5877}
inhabited [ɪnˈhæbɪtɪd] v. 占据（inhabit的过去分词）；居住于 adj. 有人居住的 { :6052}
tentacles ['təntəkəlz] n. [动] 触手；[动] 触须（tentacle的复数） { :7471}
vents [vents] n. [矿业] 通风孔（vent的复数）；排空（气）阀；通风管；管乐类 { :7608}
vent [vent] n. （感情的）发泄；出口；通风孔 vt. 发泄感情；放出…；给…开孔 vi. 放出；（通过排泄等）减轻压力 n. (Vent)人名；(德)芬特；(英、捷、芬)文特 {cet6 toefl ielts gre :7608}
flapping [flæpɪŋ] n. 拍动；摇摆运动 adj. 摇摆运动的；挥动的 v. 拍打，轻拍（flap的ing形式） { :8113}
fins [finz] n. 鳍片，散热翅片；五元纸币（fin的复数形式） v. 切除鳍；装上翅（fin的第三人称单数） n. (Fins)人名；(葡)芬斯 { :8226}
fin [fɪn] n. 鳍；鱼翅；鳍状物 vt. 切除鳍；装上翅 vi. 猛挥鳍；潜泳 n. (Fin)人名；(法)芬 { :8226}
centimetres [ˈsentiˌmi:təz] n. 厘米( centimetre的名词复数 ) { :8893}
swarms [swɔ:mz] n. 蜂群，一大群( swarm的名词复数 ) v. 密集( swarm的第三人称单数 ); 云集; 成群地移动; 蜜蜂或其他飞行昆虫成群地飞来飞去 { :8983}
Lt [ ] abbr. 书信电报（letter message）；数据处理（Language Translation） { :9242}
plumes [plu:mz] 羽状物 { :9461}
motionless [ˈməʊʃnləs] adj. 静止的；不运动的 {toefl :9497}
poisonous [ˈpɔɪzənəs] adj. 有毒的；恶毒的；讨厌的 {gk cet4 cet6 ky gre :9555}
mussels ['mʌslz] n. [无脊椎] 贻贝（mussel的复数）；[水产] 淡菜；双壳类 { :10822}
solidified [sə'lɪdəfaɪd] adj. 凝固的；固化的，变硬的 v. 凝固，团结（solidify的过去式和过去分词形式） { :10906}
tripod [ˈtraɪpɒd] n. [摄] 三脚架；三脚桌 {gre :11681}
effortlessly ['efətləslɪ] adv. 轻松地；毫不费劲地 { :13078}
haemoglobin [ˌhi:məˈgləʊbɪn] n. 血红蛋白；血色素 { :13392}
难点词汇
octopus [ˈɒktəpəs] n. 章鱼 章鱼肉 {toefl :15455}
sulphides [ ] (sulphide 的复数) n. 硫化物 [化] 硫化物 { :17527}
encrusted [ɪnˈkrʌstɪd] adj. 带有外壳的；无伸缩性的 v. 包以外壳；使形成硬壳（encrust的过去分词） { :19368}
submersible [səbˈmɜ:səbl] adj. 能潜水的；能沉入水中的 { :20782}
submersibles [ ] (submersible 的复数) a. 能沉入水中的, 能潜水的 { :20782}
centigrade [ˈsentɪgreɪd] adj. 摄氏的；[仪] 摄氏温度的；百分度的 {gk cet4 cet6 ky toefl gre :27004}
Pompeii [pɒm'peii:] n. 庞培（意大利那不勒斯附近一古城） { :27343}
dumbo [ˈdʌmbəʊ] n. （美口）救护（搜索）飞机；（口）傻瓜 n. (Dumbo)人名；(马拉)敦博 { :34529}
polychaete ['pɒlɪki:t] n. 多毛类环虫；多毛动物 adj. 多毛纲的 { :41073}
abyssal [əˈbɪsl] adj. 深渊的，深海的；深不可测的 { :47874}
词组
abyssal plain [ ] un. 深海平原 [网络] 海底平原；深海底大盆地深海平原
degree centigrade [diˈɡri: ˈsentiɡreid] un. 摄氏度数 [网络] 摄氏温度度数；百分度；百分度参考例句
degrees centigrade [ ] un. 摄氏度数 [网络] 温度是摄氏五度；摄氏度的温度；摄氏温度计
encrust with [ ] 镶以…
geological structure [ ] [网络] 地质构造；地质结构；构造地质
hydrogen sulphide [ˈhaidrədʒən ˈsʌlfaɪd] na. 硫化氢 [网络] 二氧化硫；氢硫化物；硫化氢气体
hydrogen sulphides [ ] [化学 冶金] 硫化氢
mid ocean ridge [mɪd ˈəuʃən ridʒ] un. 大洋中脊 [网络] 大洋中背；中洋脊
Ocean Ridge [ ] un. 洋脊 [网络] 海岭；北冰洋洋中脊；里奇
polychaete worm [ ] [网络] 浮蚕；多毛纲动物；多毛虫
polychaete worms [ ] 多毛虫
Pompeii worm [ ] [网络] 庞贝虫
Pompeii worms [ ] [网络] 庞贝蠕虫
swarm of [swɔ:m ɔv] [网络] 大群；一大堆；一群群
to hover [ ] [网络] 盘旋；翱翔；腾空盘旋
tripod fish [ ] 深海狗田鱼
tube worm [ ] 管虫
white crab [ ] 音节分段：white crab; See ghost crab
单词释义末尾数字为词频顺序
zk/中考 gk/中考 ky/考研 cet4/四级 cet6/六级 ielts/雅思 toefl/托福 gre/GRE
* 词汇量测试建议用 testyourvocab.com